What is a Lithium Ion Battery (Li-Ion)?

Lithium Ion batteries use Lithium Oxide and a Carbon compound (usually Graphite) as the electrodes. The electrodes are separated by a microporous film which contains an organic solvent acting as the electrolyte. Compared to NiCd and NiMH batteries, Li-Ion batteries have a higher power to weight ratio, they are smaller and lighter yet provide the same power. Unlike NiCd and NiMH batteries, Li-Ion batteries do not suffer from the memory effect. Li-Ion cells also have much lower levels of self-discharging. These factors combined with the higher production costs mean that Li-Ion cells are comparatively more expensive. The Department of Chemistry at Oregon State University has an informative and technical page on battery chemistriesand how these work.


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